Device for lapping cylinders



Nov. 2 1926. 1,605,161

B. H. BLOOD DEVICE FOR LAPPING CYLINDERS Original Filed p 26. 1921llllll HIIH Patented Nov. 2, I926,

UNITED, TA ES Y 1,605,161 PATENT OFFICE.

BRYANT H. BLOOD, onnnn'rroan, connncrlcor, assIeNo'n To PRATT a WHITNEYcomrnnv, on NEW zvonx, 1v. Y.,-'A coaroaa'rron or new masnr.

nnvxcn ron Lannie CYLINDERS.

Original application filed The invention relates to an improvedapparatus for lapping cylindrical surfaces.

027, filed February 23, 1921, and a division 1 of my copendingapplication Serial No. 503,163, filed September 26, 1921.

An object of the present invention is to provide means to mount thearticles being lapped in a holding member, or spider, disposed in asymmetrical group, and in such a manner ,that they may be rotated abouttheir individual axes without parts of the holding member coming intocontact with their cylindrical or end faces.

Another object of the invention is to provide means to rotatably mountthe cylinders being lapped in the holding member so that their axes arenon-radial of the holding member but. disposed so that they are tangentto a circle concentric to the axis of the holding member.

Another object of the invention is to provide a number of short. arborsupon which the cylinders-to be lapped may be individually mounted sothat they may rotate freely thereupon, eacharbor being held nonrotatablyin the holding member but free to. adjust itself toward or from one ofthe laps and adapted to be placed with either end pointing outward ofthe holding member.

A further object of the invention comprises a construction permittingrotation of the holdingniember between the two opposed laps about itsown center and also bodily in a circle concentric with the rotating lap.Preferably, both movements of the holding member are induced by therotary movement of one of the laps and by means constraining the holdingmember to a definite planetary or orbital path.

With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in thefeatures of construction and operation set forth in the followingspecification and illustrated. 1n the accompanying drawing.

In the accompanying drawing annexed hereto and forming a part of thisspecification, I have shown my invention embodied in and-adaptedtobetcarried out in a gage lapping machine but it will understoodspecification being relied upon for September 26, 1921, Serial No.503,168. Divided and this'application filed June 25,. 1928, Serial No.647,568. Renewed June 4, 1926.

that the invention can. be otherwise embodied and that the drawing isnot to be construed as defining or limiting the scope of the invention,the claims appended to this pose.

In the drawing:

. Figure 1 is a sectional view in elevation of the parts forming thepresent invention,

t2he section being taken on line 1-*1 of Fig. Fig. 2is a plan view ofthe apparatus with the upper or rotatable lap removed.

Fig. 3is a detail sectional view of one of the articles being lappedmounted on its individual arbor. 1

Fig. 4 is an end view of the same.

In the above mentioned drawing, I have shown but one embodiment of amachine for-min my invention which is now deemed prefera le but it is tobe understood that changes and. modifications may be made within the"scope ofthe appended claims without departing from the spirit of theinvention.

' Briefly, themachine forming my invention, in its broadest aspectcomprises the following principal parts: first, a lower or stationarylap, the upper surface of which is carefully surfaced to a perfect planeand charged with a suitable abradant material; second, a rotatable lapmounted above the stationary lap and adapted to adjust itself as toparallelism relative to the lower lap, the lower surface of this upperlap being also carefully surfaced and charged with suitable abradantmaterial; third, a holding member disposed between the laps wherein aplurality of arti cles to be lapped may be mounted and retained in aregular or systematic series; fourth, a crank rotatably mounted in thelower or stationary lap and also in the holdbodily in a circle about thecenter of the lower or stationary lap; and fifth, arbors disposedsymmetrically about the holding member upon which the articles may berotatably mounted.

The method of operating the machine forming the present inventioncomprises the following principal steps; mounting the cylinders to belapped in the holding mem- I mg member constraining the holding memherto rotate about its center and to move ber individually on the arborsabove referred to, and rotating one of the laps, preferably the upperone, while the holding memher and cylinders are disposed therebetween,

continuing the lapping operation for a predetermined time, then removingthe upper lap, and transposing or rearranging the reative positions ofthe cylinders in the group, and repeating the. lapping and trans posingoperations alternately until identical diameters are obtained.

means of a shaft 16. The connection between the shaft 16 and the lap 15,as 1nd1-- cated by the screws -.17 and the holes 18 through the plate 19to which the shaft 16 is fastened, issuch that the la 15 may adjustitself as to-parallelism wit the surface 12 of the lapll; The lowersurface 20 of a the rotatable lap 15 is also carefully surfaced so thatit is perfectly plain and is charged with a suitable abradant material.

Disposed between the contiguous surfaces 12 and 20 of the two la s 11and 15 is a holding member, or spi er 25, most clearly shown in Fig. 2.This is preferably circular and rovided with a small hole 26 in itscenter in which a bearing member 27 may be disposed. Arranged about theperiphery of the holding member or spider are a plurality of articlesApreferably symmetrically disposed about the center 26. These, as shown,are preferably disposed in elongated arcuate openings 31, four of theseopenings being shown, each of which has four arbors 30 mounted thereinupon which the articles are mounted.' Preferably, the arbors 30 .may besupported in position in slots 32 and 33 cut through the spider 25, oneend of the arbors 30- being cut away on either side as-shown at 34 inFig. 3 so that they will be non-rotatably held relative to the spider.Preferably, I make these arbors 30 of a steel rod of a diameter as shownat 35, one end, as referred to above,

being cut away to leave the end 34 with" flat sides. The opposite end ofthe arbor 30 is screw threaded as shown at 36 upon which a nut 37 may bethreaded and locked in position by small screws 38; The extreme outerend 39 of the arbor may be circular and adapted to fit freely within oneof the depressions 32. Between thahead and the adjustable nut 37 on thearbors 30 I may meunt washers or'spacing members 40, any thickness beingused so that-they; will accommodate the particular 'length of gage beinglapped. Preferably, the slots 32 and 33 are of the same width, andtheparts 34 and 39 of the arbors 30 are of the same thickness so that thearbors 30 may be disposed in the spider with either end of the arbors 30extending outward. Also the slots 32 and 33 are large enough to permitsliding movement of the arbors.

- From this construction, it will be seen that any diameter of cylindersA may be mounted on the arbors 30 and rotatably held thereon by thespacing members 40 and the nut 37. .Further, when mounted on thearbors30, the articles A being lapped are held in a symmetrical seriesevenly spaced about the holding member or spider 25. The arbors 30within the slots 32 and 33 are free to adjust themselves verticallytoward or from either of the la s so that slight variations in diameterso the articles may be compensated for by slight vertical movement of thearbors. v

In operation, the articles to be lapped are rotatably mountedindividually upon their respective arbors, and the arbors disposed inposition in the spider 25 while resting on lap 11. One end of a crankprojects through the. bearing member 27, the opposite end of the crank50 being disposed as shown in Fig. 1 in the hole 13 provided in thecenter of the stationary lap 11. With the parts so adjusted, the lap 15is mounted so that it will rest upon the upper surfaces ofthe articlesto be lapped. The shaft is then rotated by any suitable means, the lap15 being free to adjust itself as to parallelism relative to the lappingsurface 12 0f the stationary lap 11 and at all times contacts with theupper surfaces of the larger articles being lapped. Rotation of theupper la 15 by the shaft 16 tends to rotate the hol ing member or spider25 in the same direction and the action of the short crank 50 or othersuitable means in combination with the rotative action of the upperlapforces the holding member 25 not only to rotate about its own center26 but also to rotate bodily about the center 13 so that it is bodilymoved about the center of rotation of the laps 11 and 15 and also givinga free rotative movement about its own axis. As the articles aredisposed non-radially, the effect of this rotative and planetarymovement of the holding member causes a lapping movement of the articlesA cross the lapping surfaces I 12 and 20 while the articles A areconstant- 1y rotatin I a After the articles have been lapped apredetermined length of time. while retained in one position in theholding member, the upper lap 15 is removed and the articles A n theholding member 25- are transposed or interchanged relativeto each other,the upper lap 15 is then replaced and another lap v to which referencemay be had for a full description. The'essential feature of this is thatvariations in diameters of the articles are so distributed that theupper lap contacts only with the larger articles.

One method of transposing is diagram- 'matically shown in Fig. 2 inwhich the double arrows point to the articles which are moved andindicate also the positions to which they are transposed. Simultaneouslywith the transposing of alternate cylinders to diametrically oppositepositions, the cylinders. may be turned end for end to furtherdistribute variations in diameters of the cylinders and to aid inobtaining absolute precision.

What I claim is: j 1

l. A lapping device comprising in combination, a lower lap, an. upperlap adapted to rest u on and adjust itself relative to the articles einglapped, means for rotating one of said laps, a holding member for aplurality of articles disposed between said laps, said member being freeto rotate about its own axis, and means rotatably connecting saidholding member to one of said laps whereby the axis about which theholding member rotates is held at a constant distance from the axis ofthe rotating lap.

2. A lapping device comprising in combination', a lower lap, an upperlap adapted to rest upon and adjust itself relative to the articlesbeing lapped, means for rotating one of said laps, a holding member fora plurality of articles disposed between said laps,

and means connected to the axis of one of the laps rotatably connectingsaid holding member to said lap whereby the axis about which the holdingmember may rotate is held at a constant distance from the axis of therotating lap. j

3. A lapping device comprising in combination, a lower lap, an upper lapadapted to rest upon and adjust itself relative to the articles beinglapped, means for rotating one of said laps, a holding member for aplurality of articles disposed between said laps,

and a short crank rotatably connecting said holding member to one ofsaid laps whereby the arms about which the holding member may rotate isheld at a constant distance from the axis of the rotating lap, andwhereby'said holding member is free to rotate about its own axis.

4. A lapping device comprising in combination, a lower lap, an upper lapadapted to rest upon and adjust itself relative to the' articles beinglapped, means for rotating one of said laps, a holding member disposedbetween said laps having a plurality of articles symmetrically disposedtherein, and means rotatably connecting said holding member to one ofsaid laps whereby the axis about which the holding member may rotate isheld at a constant distance from the axis of the rotating lap, andwhereby said holding member may rotate about its own 3X18.

5. A lapping device comprising in combination, a lower lap, an upper lapadapted to rest upon-and adjust itself relativeto the articles beinglapped, means for rotating. one of said laps, a holding member for aplurality of articles disposed between said laps, and a short crankconnected at one end to the lower lap and at its other end to theholding member and rotatably connecting said holding member to saidlower lap whereby the axis about which the holding member may rotate hasa planetary movement at a constant distance from the axis of therotating lap. a j

6 A lapping device comprising in combination, a lower lap, an upper lapadapted to rest upon and adjust itself relative to the articles beinglapped, means for rotating the upper lap, a holding member for aplurality of similar articles disposed between the contiguous surfacesof said laps, and a short crank rotatably connecting said holding memberto one of said laps whereby the axis about which the holding member mayrotate is held at a constant distance from the axis of the rotatin lapand the articles in being lapped are a apted to pass over the entirelapping surfaces of said laps.

A lapping device comprising in combination, a stationary la a rotatablelap adapted to rest upon an adjust itself relative to the articles beinglapped, and a holding member disposed between said laps adapted to holda plurality of articles to be hol ing member, said articles beingrotatably mounted on said arbors.

8. 'A lapping device comprising in combination, a stationary lap, arotatable lap adapted to rest 'upon and. ad'ust itself relative to thearticles being lapped, and a holding member disposed between said lapsadapted to hold a p urality of articles to be lapped in a symmetricalarrangement about said holding member, arbors symmetrically positionedon said holding member, said ar- 1toicles being rotatably mounted onsaid arors.

lapped, arbors removably mountedon said V 9. A lapping devicecomprising'in combination, a stationary 1a a rotatable lap adapted torest upon an adjust itself rela tive to the articles being lapped, and aholding member disposed between said wla s.

adapted to hold a plurality of articles to e lapped, arborsremovably-mounted on said holding member, said articles being rotatablymounted on said arbors, the axes of said arbors being tangent to acircle concentric With said holding member.

10. A lapping device comprising in combination, a stationary lap, -arotatable lap adapted to rest upon and adjust itself rela-' tive to thearticles being lapped, and a holding member disposed between said laps,arbors retained in the holding member adapted to hold a plurality ofarticles to be lapped in spaced relation to each other, said articlesbeing rotatably mounted on said arbors and engaging said arbors on theend faces of recesses formed in said articles.

11. A lapping device comprising in combination, a stationary la arotatable lap 2 tained in said slots'but ermitted to adjust 25themselves verticall to old a plurality of articles to be lappe saidarticles being rotatably mounted on said vertically adjustable arbors.

In testimony whereof,I heretoali'ix my 30 signature.

BRYANT H BLOOD.

